Fatima B., 24

Fatima is a 24 year old pregnant yam seller, husband is a farmer and together they earn 9000 naira . presented at the hospital as an emergency case with severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and absence of fetal movements. According to her history, she had initially visited a peripheral health facility where labour was induced; however, labour failed to progress adequately. Following the onset of heavy vaginal bleeding and worsening abdominal pain, she was urgently referred to the hospital for specialist care. Ultrasound findings confirmed a retroplacental clot and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), consistent with placental abruption, a serious obstetric emergency in which the placenta separates prematurely from the uterine wall, compromising both maternal and fetal wellbeing.

Fatima Budu was admitted with severe antepartum hemorrhage due to abruptio placentae complicated by intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD). She was immediately stabilized with intravenous fluids, oxygen therapy, blood transfusion, and medications including Ceftriaxone, Metronidazole, Paracetamol, Iron, and Folic Acid. An emergency cesarean section was performed due to maternal instability. Unfortunately, a stillborn baby was delivered. Following surgery, she received close monitoring, treatment for anemia, and postoperative care. She responded well to treatment, her condition improved steadily, and she was discharged home in stable condition with follow-up care and counseling.

Placental abruption (abruptio placentae) is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. It is a medical emergency that can lead to severe, life-threatening complications for both the mother—including massive hemorrhage, shock, and organ failure—and the baby, including oxygen deprivation, premature birth, and stillbirth.