Muhammed Y., 3

Muhammed Yau is a three-year-old boy diagnosed with an umbilical hernia. He is the second child in a family of four children. Muhammed is cheerful and playful, and he enjoys staying close to his mother while playing with other children. His father works as a casual labourer, earning approximately ₦10,000 per month, while the family's income is barely enough to meet their basic needs. He presented with a painful swelling at the umbilicus (navel) that had been present for about three months. The swelling reduced when he lay down or was gently pushed back but caused recurrent pain that interfered with his normal daily activities and participation in family life.

Muhammed Yau is diagnosed with umbilical hernia and recommended herniorrhaphy (surgical repair). Since the child is otherwise healthy and no major medical problems or allergies were identified, the prognosis is excellent, with an expected full recovery after successful surgery and a return to normal activities.