Usman U., 1

One-year-old Usman Umar lives with his parents and seven siblings in a two-bedroom rented apartment. His father is a farmer who travels to other LGAs for work, while his mother is a homemaker. The family earns about ₦30,000 monthly, which barely covers food, water, and other basic needs. They also have no electricity at home, making daily life and schooling difficult for the children. Usman presented with four days of high-grade fever, frequent watery diarrhoea, cough, fast breathing, and poor feeding. He had experienced fever two weeks earlier and received incomplete treatment at home. Following medical assessment, he was diagnosed with severe malaria, acute watery diarrhoea with moderate dehydration, bronchopneumonia, and moderate anaemia. He requires prompt treatment and close monitoring to prevent serious complications.

With prompt and complete treatment, Usman is expected to recover fully from severe malaria, acute watery diarrhea, and bronchopneumonia. The IV antimalarials, antibiotics, fluids, oxygen, and nutritional support will help clear the infection, correct dehydration and anemia, improve breathing, and support weight gain. With continued therapeutic feeding, iron supplementation, and infection prevention at home, he should achieve normal growth and development. If left untreated, the poorly treated severe malaria can progress to cerebral malaria, severe anemia, or organ failure. Combined, these conditions carry a high risk of mortality in a 1-year-old.